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To cut through some of the confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to divide it into two components. On the one hand, you have bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code which represents ownership of an electronic concept sort of like a digital IOU. On the other hand, you've got bitcoin-the-protocol, a distributed network that maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The machine enables payments to be sent between users without passing via a central authority, such as a bank or payment gateway. It is made and held electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, like dollars or euros theyre made by computers all around the world, using free software.
It was the first instance of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing asset class which shares several features of traditional currencies, with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software developer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto suggested bitcoin in 2008, within an electronic payment system based on mathematical evidence. The idea was to generate a means of exchange, independent of any central power, which could be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable way.
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Bitcoin can be used to pay for things electronically, if both parties are willing. In that sense, its like conventional dollars, euros, or yen, which are also traded digitally.
Bitcoins most important feature is that it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It is maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run by an open network of dedicated servers spread around the world. This brings individuals and groups that are uncomfortable with all the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
Bitcoin simplifies the double spending problem of electronic currencies (in which electronic assets can easily be replicated and re-used) through an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. Together with bitcoin, the integrity of these transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can attempt to manipulate a currencys value relative to other people. Holders of this currency (and especially citizens with little alternative) keep the price.
While senders of traditional electronic payments are often identified (for verification purposes, and to abide by anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in concept operate in semi-anonymity. Since there's absolutely no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is submitted, the protocol checks all prior transactions to confirm that the sender gets the necessary bitcoin in addition to the authority to send them.
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In practice, each user is identified by the address of his or her pocket. Transactions can, with a little effort, be monitored this way. Also, law enforcement has developed methods to identify consumers if necessary.
Additionally, most exchanges are required by legislation to perform identity checks on their clients before they are allowed to purchase or sell bitcoin, facilitating another way that bitcoin utilization can be tracked. Since the network is transparent, the progress of a specific transaction is visible to all.
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This is because there is no central adjudicator that can say ok, return the money. When a transaction is recorded on the network, and when greater than an hour has passed, it is not possible to change.
Even though this might disquiet a few, it does mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) in todays prices, about one hundredth of a cent. This may conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Read more to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and the way bitcoins are mined, what it can be utilized for, as well as how you can buy, sell and store your bitcoin. In addition, we explain a few helpful hints alternatives to bitcoin, in addition to the way its underlying technology the blockchain works. .
If you want to know what is Bitcoin, the way you can get it and how it can help you, without floundering into technical details, this manual is for you. It will explain how the system operates, how you can use it to your profit, which scams to avoid. It will also direct you to resources which will enable you to shop and use your first parts of digital currency.